Spiritual Values in Multicultural Islamic Education: Gender-Moderated Impact on Student Motivation
(1) Universitas Islam Negeri Palangkaraya, Indonesia
(2) Universitas Islam Negeri Palangkaraya, Indonesia
(3) Universitas Islam Negeri Palangkaraya, Indonesia
(4) Muhammadiyah Islamic College MIC, Singapore
Abstract
This study addresses the growing need to integrate spiritual values into Islamic education within multicultural contexts, recognizing that motivation is a critical determinant of student engagement and achievement. The objective of the research is to analyze the influence of integrating spiritual values in Islamic Religious Education on students’ learning motivation. Employing a quantitative approach, the study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from 479 pesantren students aged 15–18 years, selected through purposive sampling based on academic level, comprehension of the survey instruments, and voluntary participation. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to simultaneously test measurement and structural models, including gender moderation effects. The findings demonstrate that spiritual value integration exerts a positive and significant impact on learning motivation, while gender functions as a significant moderator, indicating that the strength of influence differs between male and female students. The study concludes that spiritual values can be operationalized as measurable predictors of motivation. Its scientific contribution lies in advancing psych pedagogical understanding, refining causal models in Islamic education, and providing evidence-based insights for inclusive, gender-sensitive pedagogical practices.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Afifah, A. N., Nurmaidah, A. S., Fajriani, F., Azhar, M., & Hajam, H. (2024). Internalisasi Kesadaran Gender dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam: Pendekatan Holistik untuk Pengembangan Karakter. Indonesian Journal of Action Research, 3(1), 15–24.
Akbar, I. N. (2023). Normalization of Gender Bias Regulations in Pondok Pesantren. Refleksi Jurnal Filsafat Dan Pemikiran Islam, 23(1).
Akcao?lu, M., & Arsal, Z. (2022). The Effect of Multicultural Education on Preservice Teachers’ Attitude and Efficacy: Testing Bank’s Content Integration Dimension. Participatory Educational Research, 9(2).
Akmansyah, M., Ramadhani, A., & Prawoto, A. (2025). Integrating Spiritual and Pedagogical Strategies in Tahfidz Al-Qur’an Education: A Comparative Study of Two Pesantren in Metro City, Lampung. Fikroh: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 18(1).
Ali, A., & Dian, D. (2024). Curriculum Management in Strengthening the Quality of Graduates of Pesantren-Based Islamic Senior High Schools. International Journal of Education and Digital Learning (IJEDL), 2(4).
Amaliyah, S., Suryaningsih, S., & Yunita, L. (2021). Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Anxiety, Self-Efficacy and Students Learning Outcomes on Chemistry Subject. EDUSAINS, 13(1).
Anggraeni, D., Wardani, D. K., & Noviani, L. (2024). Unveiling the Gender Gap: Investigating the Impact of GRIT and Learning Motivation on Economic Learning Achievement Among High School Students. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran, 10(1).
Arnold, S., & Fox, I. (2025). Challenges and Opportunities in Teaching Gender Equality in Irish Secondary Schools. Gender and Education, 37, 364–380.
Arroisi, J., Mustopa, R. H. B. C., & Djayusman, R. (2025). Coping the Discrepancy Between Moral and Intellectual Achievement: The Model Integration of Higher Education and Modern Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 14(2), 231–257.
Arwen, D., Mulyanah, E. Y., Ishak, I., Ruhiat, Y., & Lee, Y. (2025). Empowering English Students: SEM Analysis of Motivation and Academic Outcomes in Al-Islam Muhammadiyah Course. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1).
Aseery, A. (2023). Enhancing Learners’ Motivation and Engagement in Religious Education Classes at Elementary Levels. British Journal of Religious Education, 46, 43–58.
Bhasin, G., & Raj, A. (2024). Value Orientation and Spiritual Intelligence of Adolescents: A Correlational Study. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts, 5(7).
Chanifah, N., Hanafi, Y., Mahfud, C., & Samsudin, A. (2021). Designing a Spirituality-Based Islamic Education Framework for Young Muslim Generations: A Case Study From Two Indonesian Universities. Higher Education Pedagogies, 6(1), 195–211.
Chasovskaya, L., Efremov, A., Gorokhova, A., & Sekerin, V. (2025). Traditional Spiritual and Moral Values of Student Youth. Communicology, 13(2), 144–156.
Choi, S., & Mao, X. (2021). Teacher Autonomy for Improving Teacher Self-Efficacy in Multicultural Classrooms: A Cross-National Study of Professional Development in Multicultural Education. International Journal of Educational Research, 105, 101711.
Domènech-Sorolla, J., Fernández-Pascual, M., Pedregosa-Fauste, S., García-Díaz, F., & Martínez-Rodríguez, L. (2025). Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Perceptions and Experiences of Learning Spiritual Competencies: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. Nurse Education Today, 147, 106585.
Edidarmo, T., & Fudhaili, A. (2023). The Power of Spiritual Motivation: A Conceptual and Theoretical Review of Arabic Language Learning. Arabiyatuna: Jurnal Bahasa Arab, 7(1).
Effendi, Y. R., Bumbungan, B., Mardianti, D., Baharuddin, B., Setiawati, M., Faqih, M., & Rizal, S. (2025). Principals’ Learning Leadership: Integrating Spiritual and Moral Values in Educational Settings. Journal of Management World, 2024(4).
Hill, E., & Woolley, R. (2022). Religious Education and Its Interaction With the Spiritual Dimension of Childhood: Teachers’ Perceptions, Understanding and Aspirations. Religions, 13(4).
Hosseini, M., & Haukås, Å. (2025). Beyond Macroethics: Developing an Ethical Framework for Interview Data Collection and Analysis to Acknowledge Participant Rights. Journal of Academic Ethics, 23, 977–995.
Jak, S., & Cheung, M. W. L. (2020). Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling With Moderating Effects on SEM Parameters. Psychological Methods, 25(4), 430.
Laryeafio, M. N., & Ogbewe, O. C. (2023). Ethical Consideration Dilemma: Systematic Review of Ethics in Qualitative Data Collection Through Interviews. Journal of Ethics in Entrepreneurship and Technology, 3(2), 94–110.
Levchenko, N., & Kitikar, O. (2021). Formation of Students’ Motivation for Learning in the Multicultural Educational Environment of the University Through Student-Centered Technologies. SHS Web of Conferences.
Li, W., & Lay, Y. F. (2024). Examining the Reliability and Validity of Measuring Scales Related to Informatization Instructional Leadership Using PLS-SEM Approach. Dinamika Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 16(1).
Lin, X., Hu, Y., Chen, C., & Zhu, Y. (2023). The Influence of Social Support on Higher Vocational Students’ Learning Motivation: The Mediating Role of Belief in a Just World and the Moderating Role of Gender. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 1471–1483.
Mala, A., & Hunaida, W. L. (2023). Exploring the Role of Religious Moderation in Islamic Education: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Unifying Potential and Practical Applications. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam (Journal of Islamic Education Studies), 11(2), 173–196.
Martin, A., Collie, R., Stephan, M., Flesken, A., Halcrow, F., & McCourt, B. (2024). What Is the Role of Teaching Support in Students’ Motivation and Engagement Trajectories During Adolescence? A Four-Year Latent Growth Modeling Study. Learning and Instruction.
Maryam, S. (2023). Effort to Increase Student Learning Interest Through Spiritual Intelligence Values. Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization, 1(01).
Masruhim, A., & Sjamsir, H. (2025). Model Manajemen Pembelajaran Rabbani: Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Peningkatan Karakter Mahasiswa. Indonesia Emas Group.
Master, A. (2021). Gender Stereotypes Influence Children’s STEM Motivation. Child Development Perspectives.
Mikoli?, A., Klaveren, D., Groeniger, J., Wiegers, E., Lingsma, H., Zeldovich, M., ... Polinder, S. (2020). Differences Between Men and Women in Treatment and Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 38, 235–251.
Moura, A. T., Coriolano, A., Kobayasi, R., Pessanha, S., Cruz, H. L., Melo, S., ... Martins, M. (2024). Is There an Association Among Spirituality, Resilience and Empathy in Medical Students? BMC Medical Education, 24.
Muid, A., & Nasrulloh, N. (2024). The Role of Education in the Formation of Character and Noble Morals From the Perspective of the Qur’an. Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research, 2(11), 218–226.
Muzayanah, U. H., Maskuri, M., & Ghony, D. (2025). The Harmonization of Multicultural Islamic Education Values in Diversity: A Case From Indonesia. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 9(3).
Najmussaqibah, N., & Huda, N. (2025). The Effect of Tahfidz Learning Programme Participation on Learning Motivation and Islamic Religious Education Learning Achievement. Paradigma, 22(2).
Neufeld, A. (2025). Putting Self?Determination Theory Into Practice: A Practical Tool for Supporting Medical Learners’ Motivation. The Clinical Teacher, 22.
Nurizah, A. K., & Amrullah, M. (2024). Religious Character Formation Through Islamic Habituation in Primary Education. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies, 12(4).
Osman, A., Nigro, A., Brauer, S., Borda, L., & Roberts, A. (2024). Epidemiology and Primary Location of Melanoma in Asian Patients: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result–Based Study. JAAD International, 16, 77–78.
Pavlov, G., Maydeu-Olivares, A., & Shi, D. (2021). Using the Standardized Root Mean Squared Residual (SRMR) to Assess Exact Fit in Structural Equation Models. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 81(1), 110–130.
Prati, G., & Stefani, S. (2023). Under What Conditions Do Gender Differences Exist in Power and Achievement Values? The Moderating Role of Gender Ideology. Asian Journal of Social Psychology.
Rahmawati, D. S., & Ikhwan, A. (2025). Implementation of Philosophical Values on Islamic Religious Education Learning in Pondok Darul Fikri, Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Education and Ethics, 3(2).
Rosseel, Y., & Loh, W. W. (2024). A Structural After Measurement Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. Psychological Methods, 29(3), 561.
Samad, S. A. A., Gade, S., Basri, H., Silahuddin, S., & Ariani, S. (2023). Teacher’s Spiritual Competence and Its Implication in Islamic Religious Education Learning in Pidie, Aceh. Ulumuna, 27(2), 624–648.
Sanjani, M., Ridlo, M. H., & Yanti, L. S. (2024). Investigating the Holistic Management in Increasing Graduates’ Competence in Madrasa Based on Pesantren. PEDAGOGIK: Jurnal Pendidikan, 10(2), 226–239.
Sarwari, K., Pishghadam, R., & Shayesteh, S. (2024). Examining the Roles of Spiritual Motivation, Religiosity, and L2 WTC in English. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9.
Saxena, A., & Prasad, A. K. (2022). Exploring the Influence of Dimensions of Workplace Spirituality on Innovative Work Behaviour: Role of Sense of God. International Journal of Ethics and Systems.
Seçer, E., & Kaya, D. Ö. (2023). Comparison of Professional Awareness and Anxiety Levels of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Students According to Socio-Demographic and Educational Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences.
Shafiee, F., Darbani, S. A., Yousefi, A., & Fatemi, M. (2025). Exploring the Impact of Spiritual Intelligence and Positive Affectivity on Academic Engagement in High School Students. Journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies, 6(6), 1–7.
Sharma, A. (2025). Inclusive Pedagogy in Teacher Education: A Pathway to Sustainable Educational Progress. Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis, 32.
Sholihin, M., & Ratmono, D. (2021). Analisis SEM-PLS dengan WarpPLS 7.0 untuk Hubungan Nonlinier dalam Penelitian Sosial dan Bisnis. Penerbit Andi.
Stella, Y., Binar, S., Purwanto, A. T., & Octavianus, J. (2023). Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence on Student Learning Motivation. Journal Didaskalia, 6(1), 23–29.
Stromholt, S., Wiggins, B., & Von der Mehden, B. (2024). Practice-Based Teacher Education Benefits Graduate Trainees and Their Students Through Inclusive and Active Teaching Methods. Journal for STEM Education Research, 7(1), 29–62.
Syafii, M. H., & Azhari, H. (2025). Interaction Between Spiritual Development and Psychological Growth: Implications for Islamic Educational Psychology in Islamic Students. Journal of Islamic Education and Ethics, 3(1), 29–48.
Tamang, Y. B. (2022). Multicultural Education: Concept, Emergence and Dimensions. Innovative Research Journal, 1(1), 80–85.
Tamjidyamcholo, A. (2021). MOOCs, Completion Rate, Learning Satisfaction, Quantity and Quality of the Knowledge. Iranian Journal of Educational Sociology, 4(3), 68–80.
Thohir, M., Setyosari, P., Atmoko, A., Hambali, I. M., & Abdullah, M. S. (2023). The Effect of Motivational Counseling Based on Spiritual Values on Improving Learning Behavior of Pesantren Students. KONSELOR, 12(4), 384–399.
Tian, X., & Zhang, Y. (2025). The Mediating Role of Intrinsic Motivation in the Relationship Between External Support and Performance Goals Among Chinese High School Students: The Moderating Effect of Gender. Acta Psychologica, 259, 105375.
Tikader, B., & Mandal, B. (2025). Educating the Heart and Mind: Linking Value-Based Education for Psychological Wellbeing. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology, 3(5), 34–50.
Uyun, M., Fitriani, F., Santoso, S., & Maryati, S. (2025). The Impact of Religious and Cultural Values on the Development of Student Integrity: Gender as a Moderating Variable. Perspectives of Science and Education.
Vargas-Hernández, J. G., & Vargas-González, O. C. (2022). Strategies for Meaningful Learning in Higher Education. JISTECH: Journal of Information Science and Technology, 2(1), 47–64.
Yi, H., Chen, H., Wang, X., & Xia, H. (2022). Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Chinese Version of the Brace Questionnaire. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 9, 763811.
Zarate-Torres, R. A., Rey-Sarmiento, C. F., & Martinez, J. A. (2025). The Influence of Spiritual Behavior in Sustainable Performance: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Sustainability, 17(21), 9515.
Zayrin, A. A., Nupus, H., Maizia, K. K., Marsela, S., Hidayatullah, R., & Harmonedi, H. (2025). Analisis Instrumen Penelitian Pendidikan (Uji Validitas Dan Relibilitas Instrumen Penelitian). QOSIM: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial & Humaniora, 3(2), 780–789.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.